đȘ© It'S Time To Reset
ï»żIspent a substantial part of the first 25 years of my law career representing the interests of children whose families were in crisis. I probably have appeared in family court, juvenile court or
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Lets take a look at what happens when we amend the rules of HTML over time and how it impacts the Web: 1. It's Risky to Leave Deprecated HTML Behind. Whether certain features have become outdated and need to go, or browsers have stopped supporting certain tags altogether, deprecated code eventually becomes a problem.
Anytime you lose a few in a row, you have to hit reset and come back tomorrow and do the best you can to forget about how the past series went. It's frustrating. Individually it's frustrating. I'm trying to figure it out. And I know as a team, it sucks losing a few in a row any time. So you know, we'll snap out of it. â Adam LaRoche
. Research Highlight Foster an engineering culture of small teams of high-performance engineers to maximize productivity. March 05, 2020 Reading Time 14 min Topics How do you identify which talent in your technology teams create the most value for your business? This question plagues IT leaders and gets at the heart of a conundrum many organizations face today in their quest to transform digitally. All CIOs know they have star engineers on their teams who are more motivated, creative, and productive than their peers. But what sets them apart from solid but middling performers? Most organizations have no reliable way of pinpointing these crucial differences in performance. As a result, leaders struggle to retain stars, reward them fairly, and hire others of equal caliber. But things donât have to be that way. A few companies have started to adopt a new model for evaluating talent â one that helps them build the advanced tech capabilities they need in a digital age without inflating costs. In some of these companies weâve studied, IT leadership has been able to reduce technology costs by as much as 30% while maintaining or improving productivity. Get Updates on Transformative Leadership Evidence-based resources that can help you lead your team more effectively, delivered to your inbox monthly. Please enter a valid email address Thank you for signing up Privacy Policy The best companies reshape their IT organizations around small cadres of top-performing engineers to create highly motivated, self-managing, agile teams. The secret lies in first learning how to spot your top talent and then working out how to keep them â namely, by valuing performance over cost, celebrating craftsmanship in coding, and building a culture that nurtures engineering talent. Establishing a Model to Identify Top Performers Over the past decade or so, many organizations have pursued an offshoring and outsourcing model to meet their technology needs. That made sense at a time when IT was less complex and large companies could reduce their IT spend by contracting out most of this work to external organizations overseas. But today, companies are different. Across industries, technology has evolved from a support function to a source of competitive differentiation. At the same time, advances in the way code can be modularized and reused have streamlined the process of creating software. With these recent trends, the balance of advantage has swung back from outsourcing to developing in-house talent. A few leading companies have recognized this shift and changed course, but many others still struggle with the old model. Their IT departments tend to be well stocked with managers and coordinators but severely lacking in people who can actually write code. Topics About the Authors Peter Jacobs is partner at McKinsey & Company and former CIO of ING Netherlands. Klemens Hjartar leads McKinsey Digital in Europe, where he advises clients the financial, advanced industries, private equity, telecommunications, media, and technology sectors. Eric Lamarre leads McKinsey Digital in North America, where he advises global companies in the financial services, advanced industries, and resource sectors. Lars Vinter is a partner at McKinsey & Company based in Denmark and European co-convener of McKinseyâs Technology Strategy & Management service line. References 1. This finding was first reported by researchers studying engineers and computer scientists at AT&Tâs Bell Labs. See R. Kelley and J. Caplan, âHow Bell Labs Creates Star Performers,â Harvard Business Review 71, no. 4 July-August 1993 128-139. 2. P. McCord, âHow Netflix Reinvented HR,â Harvard Business Review 92, no. 1, January-February 2014 70-76. i. This classification is based on the Dreyfus model for acquiring, applying, and transferring skills. See Dreyfus and Dreyfus, âA Five-Stage Model of the Mental Activities Involved in Directed Skill Acquisition,â University of California, Berkeley Operations Research Center, 1980. More Like This
Clear decision-making in a crisis depends on sound methodology and gathering information from a ... [+] variety of sources. Advice from Boris Groysberg and Sarah by Boris Groysberg and Sarah Abbott While we may be living in unprecedented times, past events provide insights and practices as pandemic recovery plans are developed. Consider these five elements of organizational decision-making information gathering; strategy; combining long-term thinking with short-term actions; clear communication internally and externally; and a review of policies and processes to ensure the organizationâs preparedness for future crises. Information gathering The flow of high-quality information is more important than ever. A United States military framework for thinking about the external environment that has gained traction in the business world is VUCA Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity. While these words seem similar in many respects, a key point of VUCA is that each of these terms describes a different situation that requires a specific response. Nathan Bennett, a professor with the Robinson College of Business at Georgia State University, and G. James Lemoine, an assistant professor in the Organization and Human Resources Department of the School of Management at the University at Buffalo, have written extensively on VUCA, and argue, âIf VUCA is seen as general, unavoidable, and unsolvable, leaders will take no action and fail to solve an actual problem.â Thus, diagnosis of the situation is a prerequisite to crafting a response. They argue that volatility should be met with agility; uncertainty with information; complexity with restructuring with internal operations reconfigured to address external complexities; and ambiguity with experimentation. Uncertainty in this sense refers not to scientific questions about the coronavirus, but to what effect the virus will have on the future. What new realities will it generate? What will recovery look like? How long will it take? What will a post-COVID world entail? Bennett and Lemoine recommend reaching out âto partners, customers, researchers, trade groups, and perhaps even competitorsâ in times of uncertainty, in order to understand the impact of this phenomenon. Seek out new data sources and gather new perspectives. Hereâs how one CEO weâve talked with builds in multiple perspectives to his decision-making. At his industrial products company, he has established bi-weekly meetings with his senior team focused on two questions What do we know now that we didnât know before? How can we use that information to make decisions? Each team member is responsible for research within their area talking to big customers, participating in supplier forums and webinars, scouring competitor websites. At the meeting, team members share their findings and discuss the available data, what assumptions can be drawn from it, and insights to be leveraged. These discussions are then translated into action points. Organizations should ensure internal decision-making processes incorporate conflicting points of view, if necessary designating a devilâs advocate or what the military calls a âred teamer.â Colonel Eric G. Kail, who writes about VUCA and its application in the business world, says red teamers âdonât simply shoot holes in a plan ⊠[they require] leaders to move beyond that wonât happenâ to what if this occurs.â Red team membership should be rotated, he says, and leaders must be careful to protect them from backlash from other organizational members. In response to the broader perspective offered by his teamâs devilâs advocate, one CEO shared that he took proposed across-the-board price cuts and implemented them in a much more nuanced way, with price decreases segmented by customer and channel. Another hallmark of stressful situations is that they can lead to paralysis and inaction, what Nathan Furr calls âunproductive uncertainty.â He recommends three strategies for decision-making in such circumstances Managers need to step back and consider all options, both near term and long term. This is because gathering information in this environment can cause us to become âso focused on the immediate situation that we overlook the broader possibilities.â Rather than focus on binary outcomes, which rarely play out, managers should consider the full spectrum of possible outcomes and assign probabilities to each. Keep in mind that âpossibilities always exist.â Even in the worst situations, there are opportunities and choices to be made. Thinking about strategy A clear sense of organizational direction is central to knowing what information is significant and avoiding information overload. David J. Collis, the Thomas Henry Carroll Ford Foundation Adjunct Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School, and Michael G. Rukstad, the late senior research fellow at HBS described a firmâs organizational direction as being a hierarchy that flows from the most enduring element, the corporate mission, through values, vision, strategy, and, ultimately, the implementation and monitoring of that strategy via tools such as balanced scorecards and key performance indicators KPIs. The strategy includes an organizationâs objective, scope, and competitive advantage. In times of turmoil, CEOs should revisit their strategy and ask key questions What is the organizationâs ultimate objective? In which directions products, customers, geographies, vertical integration will it go? In which directions will it not go? Finally, what does the organization do better or differently than othersâin other words, what is our competitive advantage? âIn times of economic distress, clarity of strategy becomes even more important,â wrote Michael Porter in 2008. In an economic downturn, figuring out what part of the industry that you want to serve becomes incredibly important.â Itâs also important to not take actions in the short term that seem expedient but could ultimately undermine whatâs different or unique about the company, he says. Porter provides the example of a company focused on high-end features and service that is tempted during a recession to cut back in response to a customerâs price concerns. This is the wrong move, he says. By cutting back on what has made it successful, that company risks becoming just like its competitors. He also contends that downturns can provide a little flexibility because the pressure to deliver short-term financial results is lessened. When all companies are reporting poor results, acting to make your company look a little better is not particularly value-added. We see this in action with the CEO of a B2B company who has responded to current pressure from customers by agreeing to cut prices in the short term in exchange for contract extensions; thereby being sensitive to their customersâ short-term needs while simultaneously improving the firmâs long-term competitive positioning. Strategy execution and implementation Strategic planning, converting strategic objectives into activities, is central to most organizations. Still, it is not possible to anticipate every event that might impact those plans. Executives need to be agile in order to adapt plans in response to unforeseen problems or opportunities. In doing so, they need to balance flexibility and speedy reaction times with long-term strategic focus. It is difficult to get this balance right! When surveyed on execution challenges, 29 percent of managers said that their company reacted too slowly, while 24 percent responded that their company reacted with sufficient speed, but in doing so lost sight of their strategy. Darrell K. Rigby, Sarah Elk, and Steve Berez write about the importance of building an âagile enterprise.â Their messageâCEOs and other executives need to adopt a âhumble agile mindsetâ to effectively lead an agile enterpriseâcan be aptly applied to the type of leadership required in the current environment. The authors highlight the importance of a rapid feedback loop, such as a brief daily check-in to give and receive feedback. These sessions can be used to eliminate barriers and ensure continued progress. Shifting leadership style from commanding to coaching is another agile leadership tool. Leaders use two-way communication methods and positive language, focusing not on what canât be done but on how we can get it done. Rigby, Elk, and Berez also advise abandoning old school meeting formats in favor of âcollaborative problem-solving sessions.â These are action-oriented, beginning with a list of issues that need to be resolved, focused on constructive conflict, and ending with a decision. âSwarming sessions,â which bring together participants from multiple groups and functions impacted by a single issue, can be used as needed to facilitate rapid decisions. Many companies measure strategy execution with KPIs assessed annually or maybe quarterly. In times of crisis, consider assessing more frequently. This is even more important in a virtual work world where employees donât have the benefit of ongoing conversations that happen when people are physically together, a distance that can easily result in misalignment. A dispersed working environment can only succeed if everyone is clear on their role. What are the objectives? What work should be prioritized? How is work being divided among employees? It is important to avoid duplicative efforts. Implementing 30- or 60-day KPIs drives action and keeps people accountable and aligned. Communication around the establishment of short-term measurements should stress that these are not an effort to micromanage, but an acknowledgement of the awkward and tricky working situation. Assessing short-term goals keeps everyone on the same page and pushing forward together. As employees start to shift gradually back into the office with hybrid at-home/in-office work schedules likely in many places, short-term goals will provide transparency, visibility, and some stability. Communicate Your recovery strategy will need to include a detailed communication plan focused on all internal and external constituents. Internal communication is as important, if not more important, than external communication. In Crisis Communication Lessons from 9/11, Paul Argenti writes, âWhat I discovered is that, in a time of extreme crisis, internal communications take precedence. Before any other constructive action can take placeâwhether it's serving customers or reassuring investorsâthe morale of employees must be rebuilt." Many of the CEOs we heard from highlighted their concerns about getting communication right, particularly communication with their employees. How often? What platform? What tone? In Leadership on the Line Staying Alive Through the Dangers of Leading, co-authors Marty Linsky and Ronald Heifetz discuss the importance of âachieving a balcony perspectiveâ in structuring a communication plan. They advise stepping back from a situationâgetting on the balconyâto get âa clearer view of reality and some perspective on the bigger picture by distancing yourself from the fray.â Then, you âmust return to the dance floor...The process must be iterative, not static. The challenge is to move back and forth between the dance floor and the balcony, making interventions, observing their impact in real time, and then returning to the action.â This exercise allows leaders to assess their peopleâs mindsets and tailor their communications accordingly. Stepping onto the balcony is even more challenging in a virtual world. But CEOs can test out different messages before disseminating them widely, seeking feedback and using it to fine-tune their communications. Some leaders have opted to keep their normal employee communication sessions in place, conducting those sessions virtually. One CEO explained that he was continuing to host regular town hall meetings, weekly listening sessions, and skip-level employee lunches, all on Zoom. In these forums he asks employees about their concerns and where they would like more information. These interactive sessions allow for feedback that would not be available with one-way communication tools. After-action review Take the time to review how your organization responded to the current situation and ask, âWhat can we do better next time?â This is not about placing blame after the fact. The US military uses after-action reviews AARs to gather and record lessons to apply in the future. The Armyâs Opposing Force OPFOR is a brigade whose function is to prepare troops for combat, in part by engaging them in simulated combat. Despite the fact that they provide the trainee forces with detailed advance information on their methods, OPFOR almost always win. Part of OPFORâs secret to success is its use of after-action reviews. They begin reviews while the event is still ongoing, with multiple AAR meetings often hosted by the unitâs commander. Each meeting starts with the recitation of the rules âParticipate. No thin skins. Leave your stripes [ indications of rank and status] at the door. Take notes. Focus on our issues, not the issues of those above usâŠAbsolute candor is critical.â Meetings address four questions âWhat were our intended results? What were our actual results? What caused our results? And what will we sustain or improve?â Admittedly, the corporate world has seen less success with AARs, despite the popularity of the practice, according to Marilyn Darling, Charles Parry, and Joseph Moore in Learning in the Thick of It. In their study of more than a dozen non-military organizations, they found numerous problems with their after action review procedures, including those that were conducted so long after the event that recollections were hazy and that failed to effectively apply the lessons learned. They recommend organizations use AARs selectively given the significant amount of resources required to do them well. AARs should also focus on areas that are mission critical for the greatest payoff. They offer four fundamentals of the AAR process the learnings must be primarily for the benefit of the team involved in the AAR; the process must start at the same time as the activity being reviewed; lessons must be linked explicitly to future actions, and everyone involved must be held accountable. The midst of a pandemic may not seem like the best time for an after action review, but Darling, Parry, and Moore write that during periods of intense activity, brief daily AAR meetings can help teams coordinate and improve the next dayâs activities. AARs can be done on discrete projects like a pandemic-focused marketing campaign in order to improve response quality and long-term effectiveness. Following the 2007-09 recession, Harvard University conducted its own AAR and, in 2019, captured those learnings in a ârecession playbook pdfâ with the goal of ensuring financial resilience, defined as âstewarding resources to support and maintain excellence in teaching, research, and scholarship in perpetuityâ during the next recession. The framework has four steps Managers throughout the organization should understand their exposure. What might the next economic crisis look like? How might it impact revenues under the current operating model? How might that exposure change as the organizationâs operating model evolves over time? Groups should develop a clear set of principles that can serve as a guiding force when the time comes to make tradeoffs and balance priorities. Take a strategic approach to modeling downside projections by categorizing activities and businesses into âareas to invest, areas to maintain, and areas that can be reduced or eliminated.â Identify areas where revenues can be increased and costs cut in advance of a downturn. Strengthen the organizationâs financial position proactively. Prepare for change. At some point, leaders will need to make a determination as to when and how this plan is put into action. Conclusion Inaction is not an option While the current uncertainty can be daunting for leaders of all types, it is critical not to fall back on inaction as the default position. A good starting point Ensure you are considering all available, relevant information but are not overwhelmed by information overload. Being clear about your organizationâs strategy will provide focus to information-gathering and a roadmap for decision-making. Even then, many decisions will have to be made with imperfect data. Flexibility is important. Revisit your conclusions and pivot as needed. Utilizing short-term KPIs 30-day, or so is one way of monitoring decisions and assessing performance. This is a period of continuous learning. The lessons may be unchosen and unwanted, but they can be leveraged to guide future actions. It is important not to let them go to waste. Firms should ideally emerge from this crisis sturdier, wiser, and better prepared for future crises and events. Boris Groysberg is the Richard P. Chapman Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School. Sarah Abbott is a research associate at Harvard Business School.
US president Joe Biden has said on several occasions he considers the United States to be in competition but not in conflict with it seems clear that relations between Washington and Beijing have been this week the White House warned that if things continued on the current path with what it sees as overly aggressive actions on the part of the Chinese military, âit wonât be long until someone gets hurtâ.A reset of relations had seemed on the cards earlier this year. But the discovery of a Chinese balloon over the United States last February, believed by Washington to be a surveillance craft, put paid to a planned visit by the US secretary of state Antony Blinken to Beijing.[ US-China conflict would be an unbearable disasterâ for the world, says Chinaâs defence minister ][ Gideon Rachman How to stop a war between America and China ]And while some of Biden critics would seem to favour a softer line with Russia, few on the right are demanding a more emollient stance with a Wall Street Journal report this week that China is to establish an electronic eavesdropping facility in Cuba to capture communications from across the south eastern United States will probably add to the anti-Beijing this week by the US national security council co-ordinator for strategic communications John Kirby about âgrowing aggressivenessâ on the part of China came against a backdrop of two recent incidents in the Taiwan Straits and the South China Sea involving US and Chinese ships and Sunday the US navy released a video of a Chinese warship crossing about 140m in front of a US vessel in what it described as an âunsafe interactionâ in the sensitive waters of the Taiwan followed on from an earlier incident on May 26th when a Chinese fighter intercepted a US reconnaissance aircraft in international airspace over the South China American side maintained its RC-135 aircraft was forced to fly through the wake turbulence of the Chinese jet which flew right in front of its said its actions were âcompletely reasonable, legitimate, professional and safeâ. It blamed the US for Washington, the recent events were not just the isolated actions of a couple of hot-headed pilots or naval it sees them as a move by the Chinese to push the US out of areas which Beijing considers to be its insists it is a Pacific power and that it will not be forced out of international sea lanes and airspace. This raises the possibility â maybe likelihood â that there will be further such incidents.âFrom our perspective, weâre flying, weâre sailing, weâre operating in international airspace and international waters. And both of those incidents were in complete compliance with international law. There was absolutely no need for the PLA Chinese Peopleâs Liberation Army to act as aggressively as they did.âIt wonât be long before somebody gets hurt. Thatâs the concern with these unsafe and unprofessional intercepts. They can lead to misunderstandings. They can lead to miscalculations.âWhen you have pieces of metal that size, whether itâs in the air or on the sea and theyâre operating that close together, it wouldnât take much for an error in judgment or a mistake to get made, and somebody could get hurt,â Kirby suggested the Chinese may have been trying to send a message to Washington â âa statement of some sort of displeasure about our presence in that part of the worldâ.He said âBut as the president said very clearly in Hiroshima [at the recent G 7 summit], we are a Pacific power; weâre not going anywhere. Weâve got serious commitments in that part of the world. Five of our seven treaty alliances are in the Indo-Pacific. The vast majority of international economic trade flows through the Indo-Pacific. Weâve got real needs there, and weâre going to stay there.âIf the message that theyâre trying to send is that weâre not welcome or our presence needs to be diminished, or they want us to stop flying and sailing and operating in support of international law not going to happen.âBut diplomacy is still going on. Washington said that two top officials, from the White House and the state department, were in Beijing this week. And there are reports that Blinkenâs visit to China may be rescheduled for later this state department said this week that the US was looking to âcontinue to have a predictable relationshipâ with China.âPresident Biden has been clear. We donât seek any kind of new cold war, and our competition must not spill over into conflict.âHowever, with the militaries of countries operating in proximity, the danger is that accidents could happen.
it's time to reset